Unveiling The Dynamics: Exploring The Intersection Of Age, Sports, And The Incidence Of Urinary Incontinence In Indian Female Athletes

Abstract

Purpose: The prevalence of Urinary Incontinence (UI) among female athletes is a significant concern that affects diverse age groups across various sports disciplines. Key contributing factors to this occurrence encompass exercise intensity, the integrity of the pelvic floor, and physiological changes linked to age and gender. This study thoroughly explores the cultural, physiological, and demographic dimensions of UI prevalence among Indian female athletes, with the objective of shedding light on the fundamental factors influencing its occurrence. Methods: A cross-sectional study encompassing 588 female athletes across diverse sports specialties within the age group of 15-21 years was conducted to assess urinary incontinence prevalence, severity, leakage volume, perceived causative factors, and its impact on daily life. This evaluation was performed utilizing the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF). Results: Out of the total, 71 female athletes experienced urine leakage during sports activities, with adults (13.33%) reporting a higher incidence than adolescents (10.47%). This discrepancy demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) across all urinary incontinence parameters. Regarding high-impact sports, runners displayed elevated prevalence rates in both the adult (27.3%) and adolescent groups (33.3%). Conclusion: Among Indian female athletes, the prevalence of urinary incontinence increases with age, accompanied by heightened severity, larger leakage volumes, and increased discomfort. Athletes noted a higher prevalence during competitive training compared to routine exercise schedules. Our findings can be harnessed by healthcare professionals in sports training to develop comprehensive treatment strategies aimed at preventing and addressing urinary incontinence.