Development of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Targeting Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections presents a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. This study explores the development and application of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems (NDDS) to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics against MDR bacteria. Nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized from various materials, including lipids, polymers, and metals, and were characterized for size, morphology, and drug loading efficiency. In vitro assays demonstrated that antibiotic-loaded NPs exhibited significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) compared to free antibiotics and effectively penetrated and disrupted bacterial biofilms. In vivo studies in murine models of MDR bacterial infection showed that NP-based treatments significantly reduced bacterial load, decreased tissue damage, and improved survival rates. The findings suggest that NDDS can enhance drug bioavailability, target specific sites, and overcome resistance mechanisms, offering a promising solution to combat MDR bacterial infections. Future research should focus on optimizing NP formulations, scaling up production, and ensuring long-term stability and safety for clinical application.