COMPLICATIONS AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Abstract

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a widely performed minimally invasive procedure to remove the gallbladder, typically indicated for patients with symptomatic gallstones or gallbladder disease. While generally considered safe with a low complication rate, the procedure is associated with several potential postoperative complications. These include infection, bleeding, bile leaks, injury to surrounding organs, blood clots, and the development of postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS), characterized by digestive symptoms like bloating and diarrhea. Additionally, patients may experience hernias at incision sites, retained gallstones, acute pancreatitis, and anesthesia-related risks. Although these complications are rare, timely recognition and intervention are crucial for preventing severe outcomes. Most postoperative complications can be managed effectively with appropriate medical or surgical intervention, and the overall risk remains low with proper patient selection and care.